International Journal of Agriculture Sustainable Farming  |  ISSN (Online): 3107-6602  |  Double-Blind Peer Review  |  Open Access  |  CC BY 4.0

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     2026:2/3

International Journal of Agriculture Sustainable Farming

ISSN: (Print) | 3107-6602 (Online) | Impact Factor: 8.20 | Open Access

Carbon Credits from Organic and Biodynamic Agriculture as a Tool for Shifting the Economic Paradigm

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Abstract

Sustainable agriculture is based on organic and biodynamic farming that promotes healthy economic and environmental impacts. The dominant image of organic/biodynamic agriculture has been that “it cannot feed the world” and that “the food produced is too expensive”. This paper argues that these paradigms should be modified, firstly based on a 6-year comparative research field test (the “DOC” trial), secondly based on data from a large-scale biodynamic farm, and thirdly based on regional data from smallholder farmers in Egypt. The 6-year comparison field test in Egypt between bioDynamic (D) Organic (O) and Conventional (C) farming has demonstrated that D&O maize and broad-bean crop initially lag behind C in yield, but that after 3 years this situation changes and after 6 years D&O produce ~5% better than C. A big difference is evident in soil carbon sequestration, with D&O sequestering cumulatively 4 times more soil carbon than C during the 6 year period. The DOC trial showed an insignificant (< 5%) better profit/ha for Biodynamic & Organic crops, assuming no sales price difference between B/O and C crops. Subsequently, we included the profit to be gained from the net carbon footprint of B/O farming operations and compared the economics of the DOC trial crops, of a large-scale biodynamic farm and of a large number of regional, Egypt-wide, small-holder farmers. Carbon sequestered in soil and in trees was monetized, as well as the avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions through composting and the use of renewable energy for irrigation. These data demonstrate that carbon credits can roughly double the average Egyptian farmer's income. Therefore, we conclude that biodynamic/organic farming delivers a high quality Agro-Ecosystem Service that can produce food at competitive prices, mitigates climate change, is more sustainable, is better for the environment and can be more profitable than conventional farming. A paradigm shift about organic farming is warranted indeed!

How to Cite This Article

Helmy I Abouleish, Thoraya Seada, David Martin, Wiekert Visser, Kamal I Wasfy, Saber Fayez, Buthaina Elhosieny, Rehab Ibrahim, Ramy Mohamed, Amr Sabahy (2026). Carbon Credits from Organic and Biodynamic Agriculture as a Tool for Shifting the Economic Paradigm . International Journal of Agriculture Sustainable Farming (IJASF), 2(3), 42-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54660/IJASF.2026.2.3.42-49

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